Loom.



"0.673,294. Patented my 9, |901. w. F. DRAPER a c. F, noPEn.

L 0 l l Application ma. mr. ao,-19o1.)

(No Model.)

Ill Hl no. 678,294. Patented my 9,'l9ol.

w. r. nnAPEn a c. r. noPEn.

' LOOM.

l (Application filed Mar. 20, 1901.) .(Nn Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM F. DRAPER AND CHARLES F. ROPER, OF HOPEDALE, MASSACHU- SETTS,ASSIGNORS TO DRAPER LAND, MAINE. l

COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE AND PORT- Loom.

srncrrrcairron forming part of Letters ratent No. 678,294, dated iuiy e,190i.

Application filed March 20, 190]..

To ctZZ whom t may 'concern/.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM F. DRAPEE and CHARLES F. RQPER, citizens ofthe United States,- and residents of Hopedale, in the county ofWorcester 'and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement inLooms, of which the following description, in connection with theaccompanying drawings, is a specificatiomlike characters on the drawingsrepresenting like parts.

This invention has for its object the production of an organized loom ofgreat simplicity in its construction and characterized by increasedaccuracy and definiteness of operation.

Our invention is particularly adapted for looms provided with mechanism'for automatically replenishing the filling when necessary, as willappear more fully hereinafter; but some of its features are alsovaluable with a plain loom of ordinary construction.

A filling-replenishing mechanism largely depends for its successfuloperation in actual practice upon an accurately or definitely positionedshuttle at the instant the filling is changed, whether the shuttle bechanged with the fresh supply of illing or the filling be replenished inthe shuttle. In order to attain such accuracy of position of the shuttleor to prevent breakage of mechanism if such position is not attained,various devices have been proposed and applied-such as binders,shuttle-checks, and feelers-to determine if the shuttle is properlypositioned, improper positioning of the shuttle acting through thefeeler to prevent operationof the filling replenishing mechanism.Protector mechanism is also a component part of all looms as nowconstructed to effect the stoppage thereof if the shuttle is improperlyboxed or is not thrown entirely through the shed.

In an application filed May 9, 1900, and bearingSerial No. 16,052 (th`einvention of one of us) a novell form of shuttle-checking meansV isdescribed and broadly claimed, depending upon the mechanical principlethat 'if a moving body is brought into engagement 5o with a body at restof substantially the effective weight of the moving -body the latterSerial No. 62,039. (No model.)

will be brought'to rest at .the moment of ini-v pact, while the motionis transferred to the body which was at rest. The practical embodimentof such principle applied to a shuttie-check results in stopping shortthe flight of the shuttle at a definite place-Viz., in theshuttle-boX-without rebound or overrunning. In lour present applicationwe have shown such shuttle-checking means with filling-replenishingmeans, and as the shuttle is stopped bythe former at a definite point-inother words, accurately positioned-we are enabled to absolutely dispensewith a shuttlethrown with sufficient force to strike the checking meansa blow hard enough to effect the proper operation of said checkingmeans, and as the speed gradually decreases when the power is shut off,as at noontime, it be- -came necessary to provide means forautomatically stopping the loom before the critical rate of speed isreached, meaning thereby such a rate as will prevent proper operation ofthe shuttle checking means. Ve have accordingly provided means operativeupon a predetermined decrease in the running speed of the loom toautomatically stop the same, which means we refer to as speedcontrollingmeans. Inconnect-ion with such means we prefer to employ suitable brakemechanism which will operate substantially simultaneously with thespeed-controller to `prevent the loom from gradually running down orturning over unduly after the power has been cut off therefrom. By thecoperation of the speed-controller and sh little-checking meansprotector mechanism is superfluous, and consequently we are enabledtodispense therewith. rIhus we have an automatic IOO loom provided withilling-replenishing mechanism operative without the usual protectormechanism and shuttle feeling devices, greatlyreducing the number ofparts and simplifyingthe construction verymaterially. On an ordinaryloom without illing-replenishing mechanism such speed-controller is alsoof great utility for reasons above stated.

The various novel features of our invention will be hereinafterdescribed,and particularly pointed out in the following claims.

Figure l is a top or plan view of a portion of a loom centrally brokenout to save space, provided with automatic iilling-replenishingmechanism and embodying one form of our present invention. Fig. 2 is aleft-hand side elevation thereof, kthe filling replenishing mechanism atthe opposite side of the loom being omitted. Fig. 3 is an enlarged View,in side elevation, of one form of speed governor or controller. Fig. 4iis a top or plan View of a portion thereof, and Fig. 5 is an enlargedfront elevation of the shuttle-checking means at one end of the lay.

In the organized loom herein illustrated the iilling-replenishingmechanism is arranged to operate prior to complete exhaustion of thefilling in the shuttle, breakage of the filling operating in usualmanner through a fillingfork to effect actuation of the stoppingmechanism.

Referring to Fig. l, the main frame A, breast-beam A40, lay A3, thefilling-feeder F for the filling-supplies, shown as iilling-carriers b,the transferrerf, the operating or controlling rock-shaft d, rocked toeffect the operation of the tilling-replenishing mechanism, the notchedholding-plate N, the shipper NX, the pivotally-mounted feeler-arm fxfgx, the stop 11X, against which the arm f2X is held by a spring, (notshown,) the shuttle-box B, slotted in its bottom at 10, the shuttle-boxBX, having an aperture 3 in its front Wall, through which the feelerfXenters, and the self-threading shuttle S, having a slot 4in its sidewall, whereby thefeeler can feel the filling in the shuttle, are and maybe all as in United States Patent No. 662,320, granted November 20,1900. So, too, the slide m, on which is mounted the filling-fork mx, thevibrating wefthammer lV, the slide-bar c, latch-carrier o5, fulcrumedthereon, controlled by the arm fzx of the feeler, and the arm d3, fastou the rockshaft d to be engaged by the slide-bar when moved outward torock said shaft and effect actuation of the filling-replenishingmechanism, are as in said patent. The end n2 of the knock-olf lever u n2passes under the upper end of the arm (Z3 and lies in the path of theouter end of the slide m, the arrangement shown being such that when thefork mx detects absence of filling the outward movement of the slide mwill operate the knockoif lever to release the shipper N and stop theloom.

The operation of the lling-feeler fx is substantially as described inthe patent referred to and it is not necessary to further describe thesame herein.

The picking mechanism may be of any suitable character, and herein onlythe pickers P P are shown, they operating in connection with theshuttle-checking means, which latter will be briefly described,referring to Figs. l and 5.

A momentum member E, preferably made of metal and recessed at its innerface, as at e, to receive the back ofthe picker,is mounted on pivots eX,extended through ears e' at the lower end of the member and supported onlugs e30 on the end of the lay, Fig. 5.

To limit movement of the member E, a controller, shown as an arm e2, isfulcrumed on the lay at @3,'and at its free end it is provided with alongitudinal slot e4 to receive alateral stud e5, projecting from themomentum member, the ends of the slot limiting the swinging movement ofthe said member in both directions. Normally the momentum member isbeyond the picker and adjacent thereto, and when the shuttle in itsliight engages the picker the latter is brought against the momentummember, the momentum of the shuttle being transmitted thereto throughthe intermediate picker and the member E swings outward, while theshuttle is brought to rest at the proper and definite point in theshuttie-box without any rebound or overrunning. Mounting the inertia ormomentum member so that its-center of gravity is between its fulcrum andthe slot of the controller the said member will normally resume itsposition shown in Fig. 5 and at the left-hand end of Fig. l, and it willreturn thereto after the shuttle impact and stoppage. It will beunderstood that checking means will be provided at each end of the lay,as shown in Fig. l.

The operation of the momentu11i-checking means will not be affected byallowable changes in the running speed of the loomsuch variations aswould naturally occur in a large mill-and so, too, the shuttle may varysomewhat in width without interfering with the operation of the stoppingmeans.

It has been found in practice that the shuttlc-check should have aneffective weight at least equal to the weight of the shuttle, so thatthe latter will neither follow the check after striking nor rebound, andthe check is so pivoted that it automatically returns by gravity to itsnormal position after the lay has passed the filling-changingposition-that is to say, after the lay in its traverse has reached theposition in which filling is automatically replenished-this beingsubstantially at the front center in looms provided Withfilling-replenishing mechanism. This shuttle-checking means is notclaimed herein per se, as itforms the subject-matter of claims in theother pending application hereinbet'ore referred to.

While it is true that the ruiming speed of the loom may vary somewhatwithout inter- IOO IIO

fering with the action of the shuttle-checking means described, it isalso true that when the speed decreases to or passes beyond apredetermined or critical point the shuttle-checking means will notoperate properly-as, for instance, when the power is shut off-becausethe shuttle will not be thrown hard enough to permit coperation with thechecking means. The power is not shut off instantly, but gradually, andthe gradual slowi'u g down of the loom speed would result in a failureof the checking means to operate before the loom had stopped, with theresult that the shuttle would probably be improperly boxed for a numberof picks. To prevent such an occurrence, and also to prevent as far asmay be the stoppage of the loom with the shuttle in the shed, we havecombined with the other instrumentalities forming a part of the loommeans operative upon a decrease in the ruiming speed thereof to apredetermined rate to automatically stop the loom, and one embodiment ofour invention is illustrated herein.

Referring to Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the loom side has mounted to slide uponit the usual frog FX, provided witha catch or contact member f5, held inplace between the side guides f6, and the arm f7 is adjustably securedto the frog by a bolt f8, Fig. 4, projecting forward to cooperate with aknock-off lever fg, (see Fig. 2,) pivoted on the loom-frame below thebreast-beam and adapted to engage and release the shipper when the frog'is moved in the direction of the arrow 30, Fig. 3. A dog f 1 ispivotally mounted on the lay in a bracket f, as herein shown, the freeend of the dog traveling back and forth upona deector (112, which is'adj ustably secured to the top of the frog by screws 18, Fig. 4,extended through longitudinal slots C113 in the deflector, the latter atits forward end being bent upward, as at dm, the top of the upturnedportion being substantially on a level with or slightly above the uppertransverse edge of the contact member f5. When the lay beats up, thepoint of the dog travels along the front portion of the deector and thenup and over the lifted end d, and so long as the speed of the loom ishigh enough the end of the dog will jump the gap bet-Ween the deflectorand the member f5 of the frog and will pass over said member f5 withoutengaging the same, and, manifestly, as long as this condition of affairscontinues the frog will remain in lits normal inoperative position.When, however, the running speed of the loom decreases sufficiently topermit the end ofthe dog to drop after it passes the end d of thedeflector, it will then hit the contact-piece f5 and the frog will bemoved forward in the direction of the arrow 30, to thereby swing theknock-off arm fg and release `the shipper. The speed-controlling meansherein shown may be designated as of the hit-and-miss type, the member f10 thereof missing the contact member of the frog until the speed hasdecreased to a certain rate, after which it will hit said contact memberand move the frog. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the dog flo has projectingfrom its under side a stop projection f, which by engaging an adjacentpart of the lay or the lay-sword A12 will prevent improper depression ofthe dog. By adjusting the deflector relatively to the piece f5 thelength of the gap is regulated. The higher the speed at which lthe loomis to operate the longer the gap, and vice versa. Any other suitableform of speed-controlling mechanism may be eml ployed provided that itwill operate Ato automatically effect the stoppage of the loom when therunning speed thereof has decreased to a predetermined point. With sucha controlling mechanism the loom is stopped before its speed decreasesto such a rate that the operationl of the picking mechanism is rendereduncertain or inaccurate.

When looms are run at high'speed, the momentumy of the various operatingparts is usually sufcient to turn the loom over one or more times afterthe belt has been shipped, and to prevent such turning over and to stopthe loom as promptly as possible we prefer to use brake mechanism inconnection 'with the other features hereinbefore referred to, and inFig. 2 we have illustrated a brake mechanism substantially such as isshown and described in United States Patent No. 653,153, granted July 3,1900, wherein a brake-Wheel CX is secured to or forms a part of the fastpulley C5, rigidly secured to the crank-shaft CG, the belt-shifter B2(onlypartly shown) serving to shift the belt (not shown) from the fastpulley to the loose pulley 0^ when the shipper is released. A brake D,mounted on an arm D13, pivoted to the loom side, is connected by a roddu with the frog FX, the forward end of the rod being slotted at elle toreceive a stud d17 on the frog. The brake-actuator d, fulcrumed at a2 onthe loom side and having an upturned toe d', is'and may be as in saidPatent No. 653,153, the actuator being moved by the action of a weight Wwhen released by operation of the stopping means, as in said patent, thetoe or. acting upon an adjustable stop 50 and the connecting-rod dl.When the dog flo engages the contact-piece f5 and moves the frogforward, the brake mechanism will be instantly rendered operative tostop the loom and substantially simultaneously with the release of theshipper N 'by or through the knock-off lever fi. The brake will also beset independently of the movement of the frog by or through the actuatora and its weight W, as

in Patent No. 653,153, referred to, or as in Patent No. 593,070, datedNovember 2, 1897, whichshows and describes in more detail the structureof the brake mechanism.

So faras we are aware, it is broadly new to IIO in the running speedthereof, and we believe it to be broadly new also to provide a loom withmeans to stop the latter automatically upon a decrease in the speedtherepf to a predetermined rate, and accordingly our invention is notrestricted to the precise construction and arrangement of parts hereinshown and described nor to the particular construction of the variousmechanisms which form the elements of the combinations set up in thefollowing claims, as we have shown one practical embodiment of ourinvention without attempting to show or describe various changes ormodifications which may be made by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of our invention.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a power-loom, means operative upon a predetermined decrease in therunning speed thereof to automaticallystop the loom.

2. In a power-loom, stopping means therefor, and aspeed-governor forsaid means, operative upon decrease of the running speed of the loom toa predetermined rate to automatically eil'ect the actuating of thestopping DIQtHS.

3. In a power-loom, stopping mean s,includ ing a shipper, aspeed-governor, and devices actuated thereby upon a predetermineddecrease of the running speed of the loom to release the shipper andstop the loom.

4. In a power-loom, brake mechanism, and means operative upon apredetermined decrease in the running speed of the loom to render thebrake mechanism operative.

5. In a power-loom, a driving-shaft, fast and loose pulleys thereon, abrake to coperate with the fast pulley, a shipper, and means operativeupon a predetermined decrease in the speed of the driving-shaft to movethe shipper into stopping position, and to set the brake.

G. In apoWer-loom, a member to control the starting and stopping of theloom, normally inoperative brake mechanism, and means operative upon adecrease in the running speed of the loom to a predetermined rate tomove the controlling member into stopping position and to render thebrake mechanism operative.

7. A loom, havingin combination, picking mechanism, means which by orthrough its inertia stops the shuttle in a substantially definite placein the shuttle-box while the running speed of the loom is above apredetermined rate, and means operative at substantially such rate ofspeed to automatically stop the loom, whereby stoppage of the loom withthe shuttle in the shed is prevented and the use of protector mechanismobviated.

8. A loom having, in combination, a picker, a movable check arranged totake up the momentum imparted bythe shuttle to the picker and to stopthe shuttle correctly boxed, while the speed of the loom exceeds apredetermined rate, mechanism to automatically provide the shuttle withfresh filling when correctly boxed, means to determine the time ofoperation of said mechanism, and means operative upon decrease in thespeed of the loom to substantially the predetermined rate toautomatically stop the loom, whereby protector mechanism andshuttle-feeling means are obviated.

0. In a loom, a shuttle, stopping means, shuttle-checking means,comprising a momentum absorbing member the effective weight of which isat least equal to that of the shuttle,and an impact memberinterposedbetween said momentum-absorbing member and the shuttle, the momentum ofthe latter being transferred to the momentum-absorbing member by orthrough the impact member,leaving the shuttle at rest correctly boxed,and means operative to automatically stop the loom upon a decrease inthe speed thereof to a rate below which the proper operation of thepicking mechanism will be prevented.

10. In a power-loom, the lay, stopping means, including ra shipper, andreleasing means for the latter, including a member carried by the lay,and a normally inoperative member with which the member on the laycooperates upon a decrease in the running speed of the loom to apredetermined rate.

11. In a power-loom, the lay, the shipper, and releasing means therefor,including a dog pivotally mounted on the lay, a frog, and a deflector toengage and deiiect the tip of the dog at each beat of the lay andprevent its engagement with the frog While the speed of the loom ismaintained above a predetermined rate.

12. In a power-loom, the lay, a dog pivotally mounted thereon, stoppingmeans, a frog to control the operation thereof, and a detlector near thefrog and in the path of the dog, the latter jumping from the defiectorover the frog at each beat of the lay until the speed of the loomdecreases to apredetermined rate, whereupon the dog will engage the frogand therethrough operate the stopping means.

13. In a power-loom, stopping means, and a hit-and-miss controllertherefor, said controller being maintained inoperative to effect theactuation of the stopping means while the speed of the loom exceeds apredetermined rate.

14. In a power-loom, mechanism to provide fresh supplies of filling,means to effect the operation thereof upon failure of the filling orexhaustion thereof in the shuttle to a predetermined extent, the layhaving a shuttlebox, a shuttle to receive a supply of filling whendefinitely positioned in the shuttle-box, picking mechanism, means whichby or through its inertia stops the shuttle in the shuttle-box in suchdefinite position, and means operative upon decrease of the runningspeed of the loom to a predetermined rate to automatically stop it.

IOO

15. In a loom, a shipper, the lay having a shuttle box, a shuttlepicking mechanism therefor, means which by or through its inertiastopsthe shuttle accurately positioned in the shuttle-box, mechanism toreplenish the filling when the latter fails, or is exhausted to apredetermined extent in the shuttle,said mechanism being operative onlywhen the shuttle is accurately positioned in the shuttle-box, brakemechanism for the loom, and means operative upon a predetermineddecrease in the running speed of the loom to release the shipper and torender the brake mechanism operative.

16. In a loom, a shipper, ymeans controlled by an abnormal condition ofthe filling to release the shipper, and means operative upon apredetermined decrease in the running speed of the loom to release theshipper, to stop the loom.

17. In a loom, a shipper, means controlled by an abnormal condition ofthe filling to release the shipper, means operative upon a predetermineddecrease in the running speed of the loom to release the shipper, tostop the loom, and normally inoperative brake mechanism renderedoperative upon actuation of either of said means to release the shipper.

18. A loom having, in combination, means operative upon a predetermineddecrease in the running speed thereof to automatically stop the loom, ashuttle-box, a picker, Aand a momentum shuttle-check cooperatingtherewith to stop the shuttle at a substantially detinite place intheshuttle-box While the loom is running at the proper speed, the effectiveWeight of the check being at least equal to that of the shuttle.

19. A loom, having in combination, means operative upon a predetermineddecrease in the running speed thereof to automatically stop the loom, ashuttle-box, a picker, a momentum shuttle-check which stops the shuttleat a substantially definite place in the shuttle-box While the loom isrunning at proper speed, the effective weight of the check being atleast. equal to that of the shuttle, and means to control the check.

` 20. A loom having, in combination, a movable Weighted check adapted totake up the momentum and be moved into abnormal position by impact ofthe shuttle on the picker, thereby stopping the shuttle at asubstantially definite place, the effective weight of the checkbeing atleast equal to that of the shuttle, means to limit such movement of thecheck, and means operative to automatically stop the loom upon adecrease in the running speed thereof to a predetermined rate.

21. A loom having, in combination, a picker, a Weighted swingingmomentumcheck mounted beyond the picker and normally adjacent thereto,thebloW of the shuttle on the picker being transmitted thereby to thecheck, swinging the latter and stopping the shuttle in a substantiallydefinite place,

and means operative upon a predetermined decrease in the-running speedof the loom to automatically stop the same.

22. A loom, having in combination, a shuttle, means to actuate it, amomentum-check which stops the shuttle in a substantially deliniteplace, the effective weight of said check being at least equal to thatof the shuttle, and means operative upon a predetermined decrease in therunning speed thereof to automatically stop the loom.

23. In a poWer-loom,'brake mechanism, means operative upon apredetermined decrease in the running speed of the loom to 'render thebrake mechanism operative to quickly stop the loom, a shuttle, means toactuate it, and a momentum-check which stops the shuttle in asubstantially denite place, the effective Weight of the check being atleast equal to that of the shuttle.

24. A loom provided with mechanism to automatically replenish thefilling When the shuttle is in a definite position, a picker, a

movable check normally adapted to rest adjacent the back thereof, theeffective Weight of thecheck being at least equal to that of theshuttle, and means to control the check when moved, the momentum of theshuttle being transmitted through the picker to the check, so that thecheck moves While the shuttle is brought to rest in position to receivea supply of filling, combined with means operative upon a predetermineddecrease in the running speed of the loom to automatically stop thesame.

25. A loom, havingin combination, the lay, a picker, a check pivotallymounted on the lay beyond and adjacent the picker, the effective Weightof said check being at least equal to that of the shuttle, the pivotmfthe check being located eccentric to its center of gravity to cause itsreturn automatically to normal position, means to limit the movement ofsaid check due to impact of the shuttle upon the picker, the shuttlestopping at a 'substantially definite place as a result of the impact,and means operative upona predetermined decrease in the running speed ofthe loom to automatically stop the same.

26. A loom, having in combination a lay, a shuttle, a check Which ismoved away from its normal positionby theimpact of thek incoming shuttleand which returns automatically to said position after the lay haspassed the front center, and means operative upon a predetermineddecrease in the running speed of the loom to automatically stop thesame.

27. A power-loom having, in combination, a lay, a shuttle, a check whichis moved away from its normal position by the impact ofthe incomingshuttle, and which returns automatically to said position after the layhas passed the front position, stopping means for the loom, brakemechanism and a speed-governor operative upon decrease of the runningIOO IIO

shuttle-box, brake mechanism, a shipper, and means, operative upon apredetermined decrease in the speed of the driving-shaft of the loom, tomove the shipper into stopping position and to set the brake.

In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

WILLIAM F. DRAPER. CHARLES F. ROPER.

Witnesses:

GEORGE OTIs DRAPER, ERNEST W. Woon.

